moore



2 Sheets-Sheeb l.

(No Model.)

C. MOORE.

HYDRAULIC AIR COMPRESSOR.

Patented Deoll 28, 1884i..

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is l MTI ly m` (No Model.)

C. MOGRE.

HYDRAULIC AIR COMPRESSOR. No. 809,642. Pateted Deo. 23, '1884.

llniirnn @rares Farrar irren.

HYDRAULlC AIRUCOVPRESSOR.

EiPECIFICATIOI forming part of Letters Patent No. 309,642, dated December 23, 1.884-,

Application tiled March 20, 1SS4. (No model.)

'0 all 'whom t may concern:

he it known that l, (linternas lll'oonn, of the city and county ol Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hydraulic Air- Conipressors, of which the followingis a speciiication.

My invention relates to a hydraulic aireompresser in which is employed a compressionchamber provided with valves for the escape of compressed air and the inlet of uneonr pressed air, and in which a iloat is so combined with water inlet and delivery valves that water, under pressure, from any suitable source of supply is irst admitted to the compressionehamber to expel the air therefrom, and is subsequently exhausted from said chamber, to allow the latter to again :fill with air of at- :lnospheric pressure. ln such an apparatus there is also employed a supplemental or re` lief valve, which is opened at the end ofcompression to allow a small quantity of water to escape, in order to thus lower the pressure of the water and enable the large or main wateroutlet valve to open easily. y

In my appz'u'atus the above-mentioned supplemental or relief valve is held open alter the main water-outlet valve is opened, and serves as an airinl et valve, it being arranged near the upper part of the coin] iession-eliani ber.

My invention consists in various novel combinations of parts and details of constructionin an apparatus ofthe kind above referred to, and will be hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l rep resents a Vertical section of an apparatus embodying my invention, the parts being in the positions occupied at the end of compression, and the supplemental or relief Valve for the escape of water being open. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the plane of the dottedline .r zr,

Fig. l. Fig. 3 is an irregular horizontal section on the plane of the dotted line y y, Fig. 1.

Fig. 3* is a detail View hereinafter described; and Fig. 4C is a sectional elevation very si1nilar to Fig. l, illustrating the parts in the positions which they occupy at the instant the water-inlet valve is opened and the inlet airvalve and supplemental or relief valve is closed.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the iigures.

In this example of my invention the conn pression-chamber consists of a base-piece, A, and a casing or box, A, mounted thereon and bolted thereto in an air-tight manner. Upon the casing A. is formed a dome or upward extension, A?, at the top of which is located the discharge valve for compressed air. Screwed into the top of said dome portion or upward extension is a plug or bonnet, a, containing an internal passage, a', at the lower end of which is shown a valve, b, serving as a cheek to prevent the escape of water upward through the air-outlet. At the upper end of the passage a is located an upwardly# opening air-valve, c, which is held down by a spring, c. Upon the cylindric exterior of the plug u, is fitted an annular piece or collar, d, held in place by an inclosing-eap, d', and air entering the said cap d passes downward through the passages and into an annular groove, :l: :11, in the collar d, from which it passes to the compressedair outlet d2.

l C designate the water-inlet pipe and outlet or exhaust pipe which enter the base-piece AA of the compression-chamber, and D designates a rocking valve-carrying arm of peculiar construction, which controls the waterinlet.

E designates an iuwardlyopening exhaustvalve, which is hinged at c, and closes by gravity on the inner end of the water outlet or exhaust pipe or passage C.

Gr designates a iioat on a iioat-lever, G, fulcrumed at e', in a frame, H, which has a water-tight connection with the base-piece A.

From the wateniiilet B apassage, 62, extends through the frame H, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and terminates in a valve-seat, e, presented in a vertical plane, as shown in Fig. 3. The valve-carrying arni D is ful cruined at f in the frame H, and swings between the two surfaces e 0*. (Shown in Fig. 3.)

In the arm is fitted a short section of tube, e5, which is of a length to snugly work between the valve-seats c 6*, and constitutes the waterinlet valve, and when the arm is brought to IOO the position shown in Figs. l and 3 the tube or valve proper, ci", is full opposite the seat e, and the water-inlet through the passage c is closed, so that no water can enter the compression-chamber A'. rlhe arm D and waterinlet valve e5 are then nearly or fully balanced. Vhen the arm D is swung to the position shown in Fig. ik, which corresponds to the position in Fig. 4, the tube-section e5 is exposed beyond the seat c, and consequently water enters the eompression-chamber A under pressure. rIhe tube-section ci is loosely fitted in the rocking arm D, and can be renewed when worn out.

In the upper part of the arm D is an opening, f', through which passes a rod, f2, extending across the frame H, and having upon it a rubber sleeve or tube, f :11, forming a cushion which limits the lopening and closing movements of the arm D, and prevents any shock iii arresting it at either end of its movement. The upper end of the arm D is angular-that is, it is formed by reverse inclinesas best shown in Figs. l and 4, and on said inclines bears a roller, g, which is flanged to hold it against lateral displacement, and is carried by one end of a spring, G", attached at its other end to the lever G. \Vhen the float G is in its elevated position, (shown in Fig. 1,) the water-inlet valve c5 is closed, and as the float falls the roller y runs up the front incline on the top of the arm D.

On the float G reachingits lowermost position (shown in Fig. 4) the roller g passes the angle between the two inclines, and by bearing on the rearmost incline tilts the arm D forward into an open position. (Shown in Fig. 4L.)

As before stated, the water-outlet or exhaust-valve E closes by gravity, and must be opened against the pressure of water in the chamber A', whatever that may be.

Upon the frame H is fulcruined at h a lever,

I, which carries at its upper end a roller, t', in

the same vertical plane as the arm D, and to the lower end of said lever is attached atensile spring, Z', which exerts a pull thereon. From the leverIan arm, t", projects behind the main outlet-valve E, and in said valve is an adjusting-screw, fi, against the end of which said arm bears, as shown best in Figs. l and 2. Vhen the pressure of the valve-carrying arm D on the upper end of the lever I is removed by the closing movement of the valve-carrying arm D, the spring i', acting on the lever I, effects the movement of the lever and the opening of the valve E. Vhen thelever Iis acted upon by the arm D in its opening movement, it is drawn back against the force of the spring JZ', and the valveE is allowed to close by gravity. The valve E is therefore self-closing.

In the same vertical pl anc as the rocking arm D is a lever, J, carrying at its upper end a valve, j ,which serves to control an aperture,

j', leading from the chamber A', and which is screwed into the lever, so that it may be adjusted therein. The lever J is fulcrumed at j?, and at its lower end is provided with a roller, j, against which the rocking arm D strikes and bears when it is moved back to the position shown in Fig. l, thereby serving to hold the valve j from the seatj.

Attached to the lever J is a spring, j which serves to automatically close the valve when its operation is not resisted.

In the chamber A is a passage, 7:, extending downward to the exhaust-passage C in said base-piece, and open at its upper end.

On the exterior of the chamber A'isasmall chest, forming a passage, Z, which is secured by a screw, Zit, and which forms a communication on the outside of the chamber A between the opening or port j' and a corresponding opening or port, 7a'. Consequently, when the valve j is open, air may pass through the passage Zz, the port k', passage Z, and port j', and into the compression-chamber A', or water may pass from said chamber in areverse direction and downward to the main exhaust or outlet passage or pipe C. It will therefore be seen that the valve j controls the passage of water or air through the ports and passages j Z L k.

The operation of my apparatus is as follows: The iloat-lever G' and iioat G are supposed to be in their lower position (shown in Fig. I) and the inlet-valve e5 is open. At the same time the relief and air valve j is closed by its spring j", the rocking armD being away from the roller j, and the spring Z' cannot pull the lever I to open the outlet or exhaust valve E, because of the rocking arm D bearing against the roller Z and preeluding action of thelever. The water entering through the inlet-valve e" gradually compresses the air in the chamber, and when thelatter attains sufficient pressure to open the air-outlet valve the compressed air is discharged. During the rising movement of the float G the roller ,(/attached thereto runs over the inclined upper end of the rocking arm D, and as soon as it passes the highest point the roller comes onto the forward incline and shifts the rocking arm backward to the position shown in Fig. l, thereby shutting off the supply of water and leaving the compression-chamber full of water at a pres.'- ure equal to the pressure of the air discharged. During the upward movement of the float the valve b rests upon the guard-plate b* in its lowermost position; but as the float completes its upward movement it acts upon the stem of the Valve b and raises the latter so as to entirely shut off the airdischarge, thus preventing water from passing up into the airdischarge,in case the water-inlet valve, for any reason, fails to operate. Vhen the rocking arm D is swung backward to close the valve c, it reecdes from the roller fi',- but the spring il cannot pull back the lever I and through thev pin or arm open the outlet-valve E, because of the pressure in the chamber acting against themlarge area of the said valve. The back- IOO IIO

ward or closing movement of the rocking arm D carries it against the roller j, thereby rocking the lever J and carrying the valvej away from its seat j. rlhe opening of the port 7" 5 allows a portion of the water in the compression-chamber to escape through the passage Z, opening or port 7s', and passage 7; downward to the main outlet-pipe C, and as soon as the escape of water relieves the pressure in the compressionchamber to a sufficient extent the spring t" pulls open the main exhaust or outlet valve E and affords provision for free escape of water. Vhen the valve 7' has performed its function as a relief-valve it does not close, because it is held open by the rocking arm D, and during the discharge or exhaust of water from the chamber the air enters the chamber through the passage h', opening or port 7u', outside passage, Z, and opening or port j. As the float reaches its lowermost posi,-

tion its roller g swings forward the rocking arm D, thereby allowing the springj to close the relief and air valvcj, and at the same time the rocking valve, in its forward movement, acts on the roller 'i and throws over the lever I, to permit the outlet or exhaust valve E to close. The water then enters through the inlet-valve ci and the former operation is repeated.

The combination lwith the rocking arm D, having a cam-like back, of the spring-supported roller g, is very desirable as the valve remains inactive, i'ully open or fully closed during nearly the whole movement of the iloat, and is shifted instantaneously at each end of the iloats movement.

XVhat-l claim as my invent-ion, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1,'Tlie combination, with a compressionchamber provided with inlets and outlets for water and air, of a rocking arm carrying lthe water-inlet valve, and having a cam-like top consisting of reverse inclines, a float and a iloat-lever, 'and a spring-supported roller connected with said float-lever and bearing upon the cam-like top of the said rocking arm, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

2. The combination, with a compressionchamber provided with water and air inlets and outlets, of the rocking valve-carrying arm l) and water-inlet valve, the said arm having reverse inclines at its top, the float and iioatlever G G', and the spring G2, attached at one end to said iloat-lever and at the other end provided with theroller g, substantially as herein described.

3. The rocking valve-carrying arm D, fulcrumed atf, and having its top formed with reverse inclines, and a water-inlet valve, e, consisting of a tube-section detachable from said arm, in combination with seats c e, between which said valvc e5 works, substantial- 'ly as herein described.

el. The combination, with a compressionchamber provided with water and air inlets and outlets, ot' a water-inlet valve and floatactuated mechanism for operating it, and a combined water-relief and air-inlet valve, and passages controlled by said valve and communicating with the water-outlet and atmosphere, whereby water may be allowed to escape when the chamber is filled under pressure, and air allowed to enter to empty said chamber oi' water, substantiallyas herein described.

rlhe combination, with a compressionchamber provided with air and water inlets and .outlet-s, of a water-inlet valve and ioatactuated mechanism for operating it, a combined water-relief and air-inlet valve, and a pivotcd lever carrying said water-relief and air-inletvalve, having its lower end in contact with the arm of" the water-inlet valve, and adapted to bc acted upon by said arm in its closing movement to open and hold open said relief and air-inlet valve during the discharge of water from said chamber, substantially as herein described.

6. The combination, with a compressionchamber provided with water and air inlets and outlets, and also provided with the passage tf, the ports or openings 75,7", and the passage l, connecting said ports or openings la .7", oi' a combined relief-valve and air-inlet valve,

j, controlling said port or openingj, a waterinlet valve and valve-carrying arm D, and means through which it acts to open said relief and air valve and to hold it open during the discharge oi" water from said chamber, and iloat-actuated mechanism `for operating said water-inlet valve, substantially as herein described.

7. The combination, with a compression chamber provided with water-inlets and water-outlets, o1" the rocking valve-carrying arm D, fulerumed at f, and having reverse inclines at its top, the float and float-lever G G, and the spring-supported roller g for actuating said valve-carrying arm, the lever J, the relief and air valve j upon said lever, and the spring j, for returning said lever and closing the valvej when released by said arm D, substantially as herein described.

S. The combination, with a compressionchamber provided with water and air inlets and outlets, ot' a valve-carrying arm, D, and water-inlet valve, Heat-actuated mechanism for operating said arm, a relief-valve through which water may escape at the end of compression, and means, as lever J, lever I, and spring fi, through which the opening of the water-outlet and relief valves is controlled by the movements o1" said arln D, substantially as herein described.

9. The combination, with a compressionchamber provided with water and air inlets and outlets, of a valve-carrying arm, D, and water-inlet valve, float-actuated mechanism for operating said arm, a water-outlet or discharge valve, and means, aslever I and spring i', through which the opening of said waterontlet or discharge val-ve lis controlled by the IOO movements of said arm D, substantially as l the lower end of Wholl is arranged to act upon herein described.

10. The combnatioinwith the compressionspring i', acting upon said leverlto open said chamber and its Water inlet und outlet, of the outlet-Valve, substantially as herein described.

5 valve E, the rocking valve-carrying arm D, CHARLES MOORE.

andWater-nletva1ve,and Hoet-actuated mechi Vitnesses: ansin for operating said arm, thelever I, upon FREDK. HAYNES, the upper end of which the arm D acts, and HARRY BOGER'I.

said outlet-vulve to open the latter, and the 1o- 

